libQGLViewer screenCoordSystem example

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# The screenCoordSystem example

A saucers control viewer that illustrates the screen coordinate system feature.

Use `startScreenCoordinatesSystem()` and `stopScreenCoordinatesSystem()` to set this mode. Once this mode has been activated in `draw()`, the X,Y coordinates correspond to the pixel units (origin in the lower left corner). Combined with the `camera()->projectedCoordinatesOf()`, this feature enable the mix of 2D and 3D drawing.

In this example, the arrows that designate the saucers seem to be attached to the object. Of course, such 2D drawing could have been computed in 3D, but this implies complex geometric computations to make the arrow always face the camera and this method is much simpler.

Since we use gluCylinder

## screenCoordSystem.h

    #include <QGLViewer/qglviewer.h>
    #include <qcolor.h>

    class Viewer : public QGLViewer {
    protected:
      virtual void init();
      virtual void draw();
      virtual QString helpString() const;

    private:
      void drawSaucer() const;

      static const int nbSaucers = 10;
      qglviewer::Frame saucerPos[nbSaucers];
      QColor saucerColor[nbSaucers];
    };

## screenCoordSystem.cpp

    #include "screenCoordSystem.h"
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h> // RAND_MAX

    using namespace qglviewer;
    using namespace std;

    void Viewer::init() {
      for (int i = 0; i < nbSaucers; i++) {
        Vec pos;
        pos.x = rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX) - 0.5;
        pos.y = rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX) - 0.5;
        pos.z = rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX) - 0.5;

        Quaternion ori(Vec(static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX,
                           static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX,
                           static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX),
                       rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX) * M_PI);

        saucerPos[i].setPosition(pos);
        saucerPos[i].setOrientation(ori);

        saucerColor[i].setRgb(int(255.0 * rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)),
                              int(255.0 * rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)),
                              int(255.0 * rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)));
      }

      restoreStateFromFile();
      help();
    }

    QString Viewer::helpString() const {
      QString text("<h2>S c r e e n C o o r d S y s t e m</h2>");
      text += "This example illustrates the <i>startScreenCoordinatesSystem()</i> "
              "function ";
      text += "which enables a GL drawing directly into the screen coordinate "
              "system.<br><br>";
      text += "The arrows are drawned using this method. The screen projection "
              "coordinates ";
      text += "of the objects is determined using "
              "<code>camera()->projectedCoordinatesOf()</code>, ";
      text += "thus <i>attaching</i> the 2D arrows to 3D objects.";
      return text;
    }

    void Viewer::drawSaucer() const {
      static GLUquadric *quadric = gluNewQuadric();

      glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -0.014f);
      gluCylinder(quadric, 0.015, 0.03, 0.004, 32, 1);
      glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, 0.004f);
      gluCylinder(quadric, 0.03, 0.04, 0.01, 32, 1);
      glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, 0.01f);
      gluCylinder(quadric, 0.05, 0.03, 0.02, 32, 1);
      glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, 0.02f);
      gluCylinder(quadric, 0.03, 0.0, 0.003, 32, 1);
      glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -0.02f);
    }

    void Viewer::draw() {
      static Vec proj[nbSaucers];

      int i;
      // Draw 3D flying saucers
      for (i = 0; i < nbSaucers; i++) {
        glPushMatrix();
        glMultMatrixd(saucerPos[i].matrix());
        glColor4f(saucerColor[i].redF(), saucerColor[i].greenF(),
                  saucerColor[i].blueF(), saucerColor[i].alphaF());
        drawSaucer();
        glPopMatrix();
      }

      // Draw the arrows
      glColor4f(foregroundColor().redF(), foregroundColor().greenF(),
                foregroundColor().blueF(), foregroundColor().alphaF());
      startScreenCoordinatesSystem();
      for (i = 0; i < nbSaucers; i++) {
        glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
        proj[i] = camera()->projectedCoordinatesOf(saucerPos[i].position());
        // The small z offset makes the arrow slightly above the saucer, so that it
        // is always visible
        glVertex3fv(proj[i] + Vec(-55, 0, -0.001f));
        glVertex3fv(proj[i] + Vec(-17, -5, -0.001f));
        glVertex3fv(proj[i] + Vec(-5, 0, -0.001f));
        glVertex3fv(proj[i] + Vec(-17, 5, -0.001f));
        glEnd();
      }
      stopScreenCoordinatesSystem();

      // Draw text id
      glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
      for (i = 0; i < nbSaucers; i++)
        drawText(int(proj[i].x) - 62, int(proj[i].y) + 4, QString::number(i));
      glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
    }

## main.cpp

    #include "screenCoordSystem.h"
    #include <qapplication.h>

    int main(int argc, char **argv) {
      QApplication application(argc, argv);

      Viewer viewer;

      viewer.setWindowTitle("screenCoordSystem");

      viewer.show();

      return application.exec();
    }

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