/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.pdfbox.cos;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.pdfbox.exceptions.COSVisitorException;
import org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.common.COSObjectable;
import org.apache.pdfbox.util.DateConverter;

/**
 * This class represents a dictionary where name/value pairs reside.
 *
 * @author <a href="ben@benlitchfield.com">Ben Litchfield</a>
 * @version $Revision: 1.32 $
 */
public class COSDictionary extends COSBase
{
    private static final String PATH_SEPARATOR = "/";

    /**
     * The name-value pairs of this dictionary. The pairs are kept in the order they were added to the dictionary.
     */
    protected final Map<COSName, COSBase> items = new LinkedHashMap<COSName, COSBase>();

    /**
     * Constructor.
     */
    public COSDictionary()
    {
        // default constructor
    }

    /**
     * Copy Constructor. This will make a shallow copy of this dictionary.
     *
     * @param dict
     *            The dictionary to copy.
     */
    public COSDictionary(COSDictionary dict)
    {
        items.putAll(dict.items);
    }

    /**
     * @see java.util.Map#containsValue(java.lang.Object)
     *
     * @param value
     *            The value to find in the map.
     *
     * @return true if the map contains this value.
     */
    public boolean containsValue(Object value)
    {
        boolean contains = items.containsValue(value);
        if (!contains && value instanceof COSObject)
        {
            contains = items.containsValue(((COSObject) value).getObject());
        }
        return contains;
    }

    /**
     * Search in the map for the value that matches the parameter and return the first key that maps to that value.
     *
     * @param value
     *            The value to search for in the map.
     * @return The key for the value in the map or null if it does not exist.
     */
    public COSName getKeyForValue(Object value)
    {
        for (Map.Entry<COSName, COSBase> entry : items.entrySet())
        {
            Object nextValue = entry.getValue();
            if (nextValue.equals(value)
                    || (nextValue instanceof COSObject && ((COSObject) nextValue).getObject().equals(value)))
            {
                return entry.getKey();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * This will return the number of elements in this dictionary.
     *
     * @return The number of elements in the dictionary.
     */
    public int size()
    {
        return items.size();
    }

    /**
     * This will clear all items in the map.
     */
    public void clear()
    {
        items.clear();
    }

    /**
     * This will get an object from this dictionary. If the object is a reference then it will dereference it and get it
     * from the document. If the object is COSNull then null will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object that we are getting.
     *
     * @return The object that matches the key.
     */
    public COSBase getDictionaryObject(String key)
    {
        return getDictionaryObject(COSName.getPDFName(key));
    }

    /**
     * This is a special case of getDictionaryObject that takes multiple keys, it will handle the situation where
     * multiple keys could get the same value, ie if either CS or ColorSpace is used to get the colorspace. This will
     * get an object from this dictionary. If the object is a reference then it will dereference it and get it from the
     * document. If the object is COSNull then null will be returned.
     *
     * @param firstKey
     *            The first key to try.
     * @param secondKey
     *            The second key to try.
     *
     * @return The object that matches the key.
     * 
     * @deprecated use {@link #getDictionaryObject(COSName, COSName)} using COSName constants instead
     */
    public COSBase getDictionaryObject(String firstKey, String secondKey)
    {
        COSBase retval = getDictionaryObject(COSName.getPDFName(firstKey));
        if (retval == null)
        {
            retval = getDictionaryObject(COSName.getPDFName(secondKey));
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a special case of getDictionaryObject that takes multiple keys, it will handle the situation where
     * multiple keys could get the same value, ie if either CS or ColorSpace is used to get the colorspace. This will
     * get an object from this dictionary. If the object is a reference then it will dereference it and get it from the
     * document. If the object is COSNull then null will be returned.
     *
     * @param firstKey
     *            The first key to try.
     * @param secondKey
     *            The second key to try.
     *
     * @return The object that matches the key.
     */
    public COSBase getDictionaryObject(COSName firstKey, COSName secondKey)
    {
        COSBase retval = getDictionaryObject(firstKey);
        if (retval == null && secondKey != null)
        {
            retval = getDictionaryObject(secondKey);
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a special case of getDictionaryObject that takes multiple keys, it will handle the situation where
     * multiple keys could get the same value, ie if either CS or ColorSpace is used to get the colorspace. This will
     * get an object from this dictionary. If the object is a reference then it will dereference it and get it from the
     * document. If the object is COSNull then null will be returned.
     *
     * @param keyList
     *            The list of keys to find a value.
     *
     * @return The object that matches the key.
     */
    public COSBase getDictionaryObject(String[] keyList)
    {
        COSBase retval = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < keyList.length && retval == null; i++)
        {
            retval = getDictionaryObject(COSName.getPDFName(keyList[i]));
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This will get an object from this dictionary. If the object is a reference then it will dereference it and get it
     * from the document. If the object is COSNull then null will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object that we are getting.
     *
     * @return The object that matches the key.
     */
    public COSBase getDictionaryObject(COSName key)
    {
        COSBase retval = items.get(key);
        if (retval instanceof COSObject)
        {
            retval = ((COSObject) retval).getObject();
        }
        if (retval instanceof COSNull)
        {
            retval = null;
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This will set an item in the dictionary. If value is null then the result will be the same as removeItem( key ).
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the dictionary object.
     * @param value
     *            The value to the dictionary object.
     */
    public void setItem(COSName key, COSBase value)
    {
        if (value == null)
        {
            removeItem(key);
        }
        else
        {
            items.put(key, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * This will set an item in the dictionary. If value is null then the result will be the same as removeItem( key ).
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the dictionary object.
     * @param value
     *            The value to the dictionary object.
     */
    public void setItem(COSName key, COSObjectable value)
    {
        COSBase base = null;
        if (value != null)
        {
            base = value.getCOSObject();
        }
        setItem(key, base);
    }

    /**
     * This will set an item in the dictionary. If value is null then the result will be the same as removeItem( key ).
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the dictionary object.
     * @param value
     *            The value to the dictionary object.
     */
    public void setItem(String key, COSObjectable value)
    {
        setItem(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This will set an item in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the dictionary object.
     * @param value
     *            The value to the dictionary object.
     */
    public void setBoolean(String key, boolean value)
    {
        setItem(COSName.getPDFName(key), COSBoolean.getBoolean(value));
    }

    /**
     * This will set an item in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the dictionary object.
     * @param value
     *            The value to the dictionary object.
     */
    public void setBoolean(COSName key, boolean value)
    {
        setItem(key, COSBoolean.getBoolean(value));
    }

    /**
     * This will set an item in the dictionary. If value is null then the result will be the same as removeItem( key ).
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the dictionary object.
     * @param value
     *            The value to the dictionary object.
     */
    public void setItem(String key, COSBase value)
    {
        setItem(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSName object. If it is null then the object will
     * be removed.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The string value for the name.
     */
    public void setName(String key, String value)
    {
        setName(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSName object. If it is null then the object will
     * be removed.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The string value for the name.
     */
    public void setName(COSName key, String value)
    {
        COSName name = null;
        if (value != null)
        {
            name = COSName.getPDFName(value);
        }
        setItem(key, name);
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of a date entry in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the date value.
     * @param date
     *            The date value.
     */
    public void setDate(String key, Calendar date)
    {
        setDate(COSName.getPDFName(key), date);
    }

    /**
     * Set the date object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the date.
     * @param date
     *            The date to set.
     */
    public void setDate(COSName key, Calendar date)
    {
        setString(key, DateConverter.toString(date));
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of a date entry in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the date value.
     * @param date
     *            The date value.
     */
    public void setEmbeddedDate(String embedded, String key, Calendar date)
    {
        setEmbeddedDate(embedded, COSName.getPDFName(key), date);
    }

    /**
     * Set the date object.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the date.
     * @param date
     *            The date to set.
     */
    public void setEmbeddedDate(String embedded, COSName key, Calendar date)
    {
        COSDictionary dic = (COSDictionary) getDictionaryObject(embedded);
        if (dic == null && date != null)
        {
            dic = new COSDictionary();
            setItem(embedded, dic);
        }
        if (dic != null)
        {
            dic.setDate(key, date);
        }
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSString object. If it is null then the object
     * will be removed.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The string value for the name.
     */
    public void setString(String key, String value)
    {
        setString(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSString object. If it is null then the object
     * will be removed.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The string value for the name.
     */
    public void setString(COSName key, String value)
    {
        COSString name = null;
        if (value != null)
        {
            name = new COSString(value);
        }
        setItem(key, name);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSString object. If it is null then the object
     * will be removed.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary to set the item in.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The string value for the name.
     */
    public void setEmbeddedString(String embedded, String key, String value)
    {
        setEmbeddedString(embedded, COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSString object. If it is null then the object
     * will be removed.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary to set the item in.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The string value for the name.
     */
    public void setEmbeddedString(String embedded, COSName key, String value)
    {
        COSDictionary dic = (COSDictionary) getDictionaryObject(embedded);
        if (dic == null && value != null)
        {
            dic = new COSDictionary();
            setItem(embedded, dic);
        }
        if (dic != null)
        {
            dic.setString(key, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSInteger object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setInt(String key, int value)
    {
        setInt(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSInteger object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setInt(COSName key, int value)
    {
        setItem(key, COSInteger.get(value));
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSInteger object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setLong(String key, long value)
    {
        setLong(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSInteger object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setLong(COSName key, long value)
    {
        COSInteger intVal = null;
        intVal = COSInteger.get(value);
        setItem(key, intVal);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSInteger object.
     *
     * @param embeddedDictionary
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setEmbeddedInt(String embeddedDictionary, String key, int value)
    {
        setEmbeddedInt(embeddedDictionary, COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSInteger object.
     *
     * @param embeddedDictionary
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setEmbeddedInt(String embeddedDictionary, COSName key, int value)
    {
        COSDictionary embedded = (COSDictionary) getDictionaryObject(embeddedDictionary);
        if (embedded == null)
        {
            embedded = new COSDictionary();
            setItem(embeddedDictionary, embedded);
        }
        embedded.setInt(key, value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSFloat object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setFloat(String key, float value)
    {
        setFloat(COSName.getPDFName(key), value);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will convert the value to a COSFloat object.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object,
     * @param value
     *            The int value for the name.
     */
    public void setFloat(COSName key, float value)
    {
        COSFloat fltVal = new COSFloat(value);
        setItem(key, fltVal);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getNameAsString(String key)
    {
        return getNameAsString(COSName.getPDFName(key));
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getNameAsString(COSName key)
    {
        String retval = null;
        COSBase name = getDictionaryObject(key);
        if (name != null)
        {
            if (name instanceof COSName)
            {
                retval = ((COSName) name).getName();
            }
            else if (name instanceof COSString)
            {
                retval = ((COSString) name).getString();
            }
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getNameAsString(String key, String defaultValue)
    {
        return getNameAsString(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getNameAsString(COSName key, String defaultValue)
    {
        String retval = getNameAsString(key);
        if (retval == null)
        {
            retval = defaultValue;
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getString(String key)
    {
        return getString(COSName.getPDFName(key));
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getString(COSName key)
    {
        String retval = null;
        COSBase value = getDictionaryObject(key);
        if (value != null && value instanceof COSString)
        {
            retval = ((COSString) value).getString();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getString(String key, String defaultValue)
    {
        return getString(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getString(COSName key, String defaultValue)
    {
        String retval = getString(key);
        if (retval == null)
        {
            retval = defaultValue;
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getEmbeddedString(String embedded, String key)
    {
        return getEmbeddedString(embedded, COSName.getPDFName(key), null);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getEmbeddedString(String embedded, COSName key)
    {
        return getEmbeddedString(embedded, key, null);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getEmbeddedString(String embedded, String key, String defaultValue)
    {
        return getEmbeddedString(embedded, COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     */
    public String getEmbeddedString(String embedded, COSName key, String defaultValue)
    {
        String retval = defaultValue;
        COSDictionary dic = (COSDictionary) getDictionaryObject(embedded);
        if (dic != null)
        {
            retval = dic.getString(key, defaultValue);
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getDate(String key) throws IOException
    {
        return getDate(COSName.getPDFName(key));
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getDate(COSName key) throws IOException
    {
        COSString date = (COSString) getDictionaryObject(key);
        return DateConverter.toCalendar(date);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a date.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return if the entry does not exist in the dictionary or if the date was invalid.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getDate(String key, Calendar defaultValue) throws IOException
    {
        return getDate(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a date.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return if the entry does not exist in the dictionary or if the date was invalid.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getDate(COSName key, Calendar defaultValue) throws IOException
    {
        Calendar retval = getDate(key);
        if (retval == null)
        {
            retval = defaultValue;
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary to get.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getEmbeddedDate(String embedded, String key) throws IOException
    {
        return getEmbeddedDate(embedded, COSName.getPDFName(key), null);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a name and convert it to
     * a string. Null is returned if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary to get.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getEmbeddedDate(String embedded, COSName key) throws IOException
    {
        return getEmbeddedDate(embedded, key, null);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a date.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary to get.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return if the entry does not exist in the dictionary.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getEmbeddedDate(String embedded, String key, Calendar defaultValue) throws IOException
    {
        return getEmbeddedDate(embedded, COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a date.
     *
     * @param embedded
     *            The embedded dictionary to get.
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The default value to return if the entry does not exist in the dictionary or if the date was invalid.
     * @return The name converted to a string.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If there is an error converting to a date.
     */
    public Calendar getEmbeddedDate(String embedded, COSName key, Calendar defaultValue) throws IOException
    {
        Calendar retval = defaultValue;
        COSDictionary eDic = (COSDictionary) getDictionaryObject(embedded);
        if (eDic != null)
        {
            retval = eDic.getDate(key, defaultValue);
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a cos boolean and convert
     * it to a primitive boolean.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value returned if the entry is null.
     *
     * @return The value converted to a boolean.
     */
    public boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean defaultValue)
    {
        return getBoolean(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a COSBoolean and convert
     * it to a primitive boolean.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value returned if the entry is null.
     *
     * @return The entry converted to a boolean.
     */
    public boolean getBoolean(COSName key, boolean defaultValue)
    {
        return getBoolean(key, null, defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a COSBoolean and convert
     * it to a primitive boolean.
     *
     * @param firstKey
     *            The first key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param secondKey
     *            The second key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value returned if the entry is null.
     *
     * @return The entry converted to a boolean.
     */
    public boolean getBoolean(COSName firstKey, COSName secondKey, boolean defaultValue)
    {
        boolean retval = defaultValue;
        COSBase bool = getDictionaryObject(firstKey, secondKey);
        if (bool != null && bool instanceof COSBoolean)
        {
            retval = ((COSBoolean) bool).getValue();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * Get an integer from an embedded dictionary. Useful for 1-1 mappings. default:-1
     *
     * @param embeddedDictionary
     *            The name of the embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key in the embedded dictionary.
     *
     * @return The value of the embedded integer.
     */
    public int getEmbeddedInt(String embeddedDictionary, String key)
    {
        return getEmbeddedInt(embeddedDictionary, COSName.getPDFName(key));
    }

    /**
     * Get an integer from an embedded dictionary. Useful for 1-1 mappings. default:-1
     *
     * @param embeddedDictionary
     *            The name of the embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key in the embedded dictionary.
     *
     * @return The value of the embedded integer.
     */
    public int getEmbeddedInt(String embeddedDictionary, COSName key)
    {
        return getEmbeddedInt(embeddedDictionary, key, -1);
    }

    /**
     * Get an integer from an embedded dictionary. Useful for 1-1 mappings.
     *
     * @param embeddedDictionary
     *            The name of the embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key in the embedded dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value if there is no embedded dictionary or it does not contain the key.
     *
     * @return The value of the embedded integer.
     */
    public int getEmbeddedInt(String embeddedDictionary, String key, int defaultValue)
    {
        return getEmbeddedInt(embeddedDictionary, COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * Get an integer from an embedded dictionary. Useful for 1-1 mappings.
     *
     * @param embeddedDictionary
     *            The name of the embedded dictionary.
     * @param key
     *            The key in the embedded dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value if there is no embedded dictionary or it does not contain the key.
     *
     * @return The value of the embedded integer.
     */
    public int getEmbeddedInt(String embeddedDictionary, COSName key, int defaultValue)
    {
        int retval = defaultValue;
        COSDictionary embedded = (COSDictionary) getDictionaryObject(embeddedDictionary);
        if (embedded != null)
        {
            retval = embedded.getInt(key, defaultValue);
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an int. -1 is returned if
     * there is no value.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public int getInt(String key)
    {
        return getInt(COSName.getPDFName(key), -1);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an int. -1 is returned if
     * there is no value.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The integer value..
     */
    public int getInt(COSName key)
    {
        return getInt(key, -1);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param keyList
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public int getInt(String[] keyList, int defaultValue)
    {
        int retval = defaultValue;
        COSBase obj = getDictionaryObject(keyList);
        if (obj != null && obj instanceof COSNumber)
        {
            retval = ((COSNumber) obj).intValue();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public int getInt(String key, int defaultValue)
    {
        return getInt(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public int getInt(COSName key, int defaultValue)
    {
        return getInt(key, null, defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value -1 will be returned.
     *
     * @param firstKey
     *            The first key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param secondKey
     *            The second key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public int getInt(COSName firstKey, COSName secondKey)
    {
        return getInt(firstKey, secondKey, -1);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param firstKey
     *            The first key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param secondKey
     *            The second key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public int getInt(COSName firstKey, COSName secondKey, int defaultValue)
    {
        int retval = defaultValue;
        COSBase obj = getDictionaryObject(firstKey, secondKey);
        if (obj != null && obj instanceof COSNumber)
        {
            retval = ((COSNumber) obj).intValue();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an long. -1 is returned
     * if there is no value.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     *
     * @return The long value.
     */
    public long getLong(String key)
    {
        return getLong(COSName.getPDFName(key), -1L);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an long. -1 is returned
     * if there is no value.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The long value.
     */
    public long getLong(COSName key)
    {
        return getLong(key, -1L);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an long. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param keyList
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The long value.
     */
    public long getLong(String[] keyList, long defaultValue)
    {
        long retval = defaultValue;
        COSBase obj = getDictionaryObject(keyList);
        if (obj != null && obj instanceof COSNumber)
        {
            retval = ((COSNumber) obj).longValue();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public long getLong(String key, long defaultValue)
    {
        return getLong(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an integer. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The integer value.
     */
    public long getLong(COSName key, long defaultValue)
    {
        long retval = defaultValue;
        COSBase obj = getDictionaryObject(key);
        if (obj != null && obj instanceof COSNumber)
        {
            retval = ((COSNumber) obj).longValue();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an float. -1 is returned
     * if there is no value.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The float value.
     */
    public float getFloat(String key)
    {
        return getFloat(COSName.getPDFName(key), -1);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an float. -1 is returned
     * if there is no value.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @return The float value.
     */
    public float getFloat(COSName key)
    {
        return getFloat(key, -1);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be a float. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The float value.
     */
    public float getFloat(String key, float defaultValue)
    {
        return getFloat(COSName.getPDFName(key), defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * This is a convenience method that will get the dictionary object that is expected to be an float. If the
     * dictionary value is null then the default value will be returned.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item in the dictionary.
     * @param defaultValue
     *            The value to return if the dictionary item is null.
     * @return The float value.
     */
    public float getFloat(COSName key, float defaultValue)
    {
        float retval = defaultValue;
        COSBase obj = getDictionaryObject(key);
        if (obj != null && obj instanceof COSNumber)
        {
            retval = ((COSNumber) obj).floatValue();
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * This will remove an item for the dictionary. This will do nothing of the object does not exist.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the item to remove from the dictionary.
     */
    public void removeItem(COSName key)
    {
        items.remove(key);
    }

    /**
     * This will do a lookup into the dictionary.
     *
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object.
     *
     * @return The item that matches the key.
     */
    public COSBase getItem(COSName key)
    {
        return items.get(key);
    }

    /**
     * This will do a lookup into the dictionary.
     * 
     * @param key
     *            The key to the object.
     *
     * @return The item that matches the key.
     */
    public COSBase getItem(String key)
    {
        return getItem(COSName.getPDFName(key));
    }

    /**
     * This will get the keys for all objects in the dictionary in the sequence that they were added.
     *
     * @deprecated Use the {@link #entrySet()} method instead.
     * @return a list of the keys in the sequence of insertion
     */
    public List<COSName> keyList()
    {
        return new ArrayList<COSName>(items.keySet());
    }

    /**
     * Returns the names of the entries in this dictionary. The returned set is in the order the entries were added to
     * the dictionary.
     *
     * @since Apache PDFBox 1.1.0
     * @return names of the entries in this dictionary
     */
    public Set<COSName> keySet()
    {
        return items.keySet();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the name-value entries in this dictionary. The returned set is in the order the entries were added to the
     * dictionary.
     *
     * @since Apache PDFBox 1.1.0
     * @return name-value entries in this dictionary
     */
    public Set<Map.Entry<COSName, COSBase>> entrySet()
    {
        return items.entrySet();
    }

    /**
     * This will get all of the values for the dictionary.
     *
     * @return All the values for the dictionary.
     */
    public Collection<COSBase> getValues()
    {
        return items.values();
    }

    /**
     * visitor pattern double dispatch method.
     *
     * @param visitor
     *            The object to notify when visiting this object.
     * @return The object that the visitor returns.
     *
     * @throws COSVisitorException
     *             If there is an error visiting this object.
     */
    public Object accept(ICOSVisitor visitor) throws COSVisitorException
    {
        return visitor.visitFromDictionary(this);
    }

    /**
     * This will add all of the dictionaries keys/values to this dictionary.
     * Only called when adding keys to a trailer that already exists.
     *
     * @param dic The dictionaries to get the keys from.
     */
    public void addAll(COSDictionary dic)
    {
        for (Map.Entry<COSName, COSBase> entry : dic.entrySet())
        {
            /*
             * If we're at a second trailer, we have a linearized pdf file, meaning that the first Size entry represents
             * all of the objects so we don't need to grab the second.
             */
            if (!entry.getKey().getName().equals("Size") || !items.containsKey(COSName.getPDFName("Size")))
            {
                setItem(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @see java.util.Map#containsKey(Object)
     *
     * @param name
     *            The key to find in the map.
     * @return true if the map contains this key.
     */
    public boolean containsKey(COSName name)
    {
        return this.items.containsKey(name);
    }

    /**
     * @see java.util.Map#containsKey(Object)
     *
     * @param name
     *            The key to find in the map.
     * @return true if the map contains this key.
     */
    public boolean containsKey(String name)
    {
        return containsKey(COSName.getPDFName(name));
    }

    /**
     * This will add all of the dictionaries keys/values to this dictionary, but
     * only if they don't already exist. If a key already exists in this
     * dictionary then nothing is changed.
     *
     * @param dic The dictionaries to get the keys from.
     *
     * @deprecated This method should no longer be used and will be removed in
     * 3.0 because it could also merge attributes that should not be merged
     * (filter and length) in a COSStream.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void mergeInto(COSDictionary dic)
    {
        for (Map.Entry<COSName, COSBase> entry : dic.entrySet())
        {
            if (getItem(entry.getKey()) == null)
            {
                setItem(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Nice method, gives you every object you want Arrays works properly too. Try "P/Annots/[k]/Rect" where k means the
     * index of the Annotsarray.
     *
     * @param objPath
     *            the relative path to the object.
     * @return the object
     */
    public COSBase getObjectFromPath(String objPath)
    {
        COSBase retval = null;
        String[] path = objPath.split(PATH_SEPARATOR);
        retval = this;

        for (int i = 0; i < path.length; i++)
        {
            if (retval instanceof COSArray)
            {
                int idx = new Integer(path[i].replaceAll("\\[", "").replaceAll("\\]", "")).intValue();
                retval = ((COSArray) retval).getObject(idx);
            }
            else if (retval instanceof COSDictionary)
            {
                retval = ((COSDictionary) retval).getDictionaryObject(path[i]);
            }
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        StringBuilder retVal = new StringBuilder("COSDictionary{");
        for (COSName key : items.keySet())
        {
            retVal.append("(");
            retVal.append(key);
            retVal.append(":");
            if (getDictionaryObject(key) != null)
                retVal.append(getDictionaryObject(key).toString());
            else
                retVal.append("<null>");
            retVal.append(") ");
        }
        retVal.append("}");
        return retVal.toString();
    }

}
