NETCDF(3)

NAME
netcdf - Unidata Network Common Data Form (netCDF) library, version 3 interface

SYNOPSIS
#include "netcdf.h"

cc ... -lnetcdf

LIBRARY VERSION

This document describes version 3 of Unidata netCDF data-access interface for the C programming language.

const char* nc_inq_libvers()

Returns a string identifying the version of the netCDF library, and when it was built, like: "3.1a of Aug 22 1996 12:57:47 $".

The RCS ident(1) command will find a string like "$Id: @(#) netcdf library version 3.1a of Sep 6 1996 15:56:26 $" in the library. The SCCS what(1) command will find a string like "netcdf library version 3.1a of Aug 23 1996 16:07:40 $".

RETURN VALUES

All netCDF functions (except nc_inq_libvers() and nc_strerror()) return an integer status. This behavior replaces the ncerr() function used in previous versions of the library. If this returned status value is not equal to NC_NOERR (zero), it indicates that an error occurred. The possible status values are defined in system include file <errno.h> and in "netcdf.h".

const char* nc_strerror(int status)

Returns a string textual translation of the status value, like "Attribute or variable name contains illegal characters" or "No such file or directory".

FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS

int nc_create(const char path[], int cmode, int* ncid)

(Corresponds to nccreate() in version 2)

Creates a new netCDF dataset at path, returning a netCDF ID in ncid. The argument cmode may include the bitwise-or of the following flags: NC_NOCLOBBER to protect existing datasets (default silently blows them away), NC_SHARE for synchronous dataset updates (default is to buffer accesses), and NC_LOCK (not yet implemented). When a netCDF dataset is created, is is opened NC_WRITE. The new netCDF dataset is in define mode.

int nc_open(const char path[], int mode, int* ncid)

(Corresponds to ncopen() in version 2)

Opens a existing netCDF dataset at path returning a netCDF ID in ncid. The type of access is described by the mode parameter, which may include the bitwise-or of the following flags: NC_WRITE for read-write access (default read-only), NC_SHARE for synchronous dataset updates (default is to buffer accesses), and NC_LOCK (not yet implemented).

int nc_redef(int ncid)

(Corresponds to ncredef() in version 2)

Puts an open netCDF dataset into define mode, so dimensions, variables, and attributes can be added or renamed and attributes can be deleted.

int nc_endef(int ncid)

(Corresponds to ncendef() in version 2)

Takes an open netCDF dataset out of define mode. The changes made to the netCDF dataset while it was in define mode are checked and committed to disk if no problems occurred. Some data values may be written as well, see "VARIABLE PREFILLING" below. After a successful call, variable data can be read or written to the dataset.

int nc_sync(int ncid)

(Corresponds to ncsync() in version 2)

Unless the NC_SHARE bit is set in nc_open() or nc_create(), accesses to the underlying netCDF dataset are buffered by the library. This function synchronizes the state of the underlying dataset and the library. This is done automatically by nc_close() and nc_endef().

int nc_abort(int ncid)

(Corresponds to ncabort() in version 2)

You don't need to call this function. This function is called automatically by nc_close() if the netCDF was in define mode and something goes wrong with the commit. If the netCDF dataset isn't in define mode, then this function is equivalent to nc_close(). If it is called after nc_redef(), but before nc_enddef(), the new definitions are not committed and the dataset is closed. If it is called after nc_create() but before nc_enddef(), the dataset disappears.

int nc_close(int ncid)

(Corresponds to ncclose() in version 2)

Closes an open netCDF dataset. If the dataset is in define mode, nc_endef() will be called before closing. After a dataset is closed, its ID may be reassigned to another dataset.

int nc_inq(int ncid, int* ndims, int* nvars, int* natts, int* unlimdimid)

int nc_inq_ndims(int ncid, int* ndims)

int nc_inq_nvars(int ncid, int* nvars)

int nc_inq_natts(int ncid, int* natts)

int nc_inq_unlimdim(int ncid, int* unlimdimid)

(Replace ncinquire() in version 2)

Use these functions to find out what is in a netCDF dataset. Upon successful return, ndims will contain the number of dimensions defined for this netCDF dataset, nvars will contain the number of variables, natts will contain the number of attributes, and unlimdimid will contain the dimension ID of the unlimited dimension if one exists, or -1 otherwise. If any of the return parameters is a NULL pointer, then the corresponding information will not be returned; hence, no space need be allocated for it.

int nc_def_dim(int ncid, const char name[], size_t len, int* dimid)

(Corresponds to ncdimdef() in version 2)

Adds a new dimension to an open netCDF dataset, which must be in define mode. name is the dimension name. If dimid is not a NULL pointer then upon successful completion dimid will contain the dimension ID of the newly created dimension.

int nc_inq_dimid(int ncid, const char name[], int* dimid)

(Corresponds to ncdimid() in version 2)

Given a dimension name, returns the ID of a netCDF dimension in dimid.

int nc_inq_dim(int ncid, int dimid, char name[], size_t* len)

int nc_inq_dimname(int ncid, int dimid, char name[])

int nc_inq_dimlen(int ncid, int dimid, size_t* len)

(Replace ncdiminq() in version 2)

Use these functions to find out about a dimension. If either the name argument or len argument is a NULL pointer, then the associated information will not be returned. Otherwise, name should be big enough (NC_MAX_NAME) to hold the dimension name as the name will be copied into your storage. The length return parameter, len will contain the size of the dimension. For the unlimited dimension, the returned length is the current maximum value used for writing into any of the variables which use the dimension.

int nc_rename_dim(int ncid, int dimid, const char name[])

(Corresponds to ncdimrename() in version 2)

Renames an existing dimension in an open netCDF dataset. If the new name is longer than the old name, the netCDF dataset must be in define mode. You cannot rename a dimension to have the same name as another dimension.

int nc_def_var(int ncid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, int ndims, const int dimids[], int* varid)

(Corresponds to ncvardef() in version 2)

Adds a new variable to a netCDF dataset. The netCDF must be in define mode. If not NULL, then varid will be set to the netCDF variable ID.

int nc_inq_varid(int ncid, const char name[], int* varid)

(Corresponds to ncvarid() in version 2)

Returns the ID of a netCDF variable in varid given its name.

int nc_inq_var(int ncid, int varid, char name[], nc_type* xtype, int* ndims, int dimids[], int* natts)

int nc_inq_varname(int ncid, int varid, char name[])

int nc_inq_vartype(int ncid, int varid, nc_type* xtype)

int nc_inq_varndims(int ncid, int varid, int* ndims)

int nc_inq_vardimid(int ncid, int varid, int dimids[])

int nc_inq_varnatts(int ncid, int varid, int* natts)

(Replace ncvarinq() in version 2)

Returns information about a netCDF variable, given its ID. If any of the return parameters (name, xtype, ndims, dimids, or natts) is a NULL pointer, then the corresponding information will not be returned; hence, no space need be allocated for it.

int nc_rename_var(int ncid, int varid, const char name[])

(Corresponds to ncvarrename() in version 2)

Changes the name of a netCDF variable. If the new name is longer than the old name, the netCDF must be in define mode. You cannot rename a variable to have the name of any existing variable.

int nc_put_var_text(int ncid, int varid, const char out[])

int nc_put_var_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const unsigned char out[])

int nc_put_var_schar(int ncid, int varid, const signed char out[])

int nc_put_var_short(int ncid, int varid, const short out[])

int nc_put_var_int(int ncid, int varid, const int out[])

int nc_put_var_long(int ncid, int varid, const long out[])

int nc_put_var_float(int ncid, int varid, const float out[])

int nc_put_var_double(int ncid, int varid, const double out[])

(Replace ncvarput() in version 2)

Writes an entire netCDF variable (i.e. all the values). The netCDF dataset must be open and in data mode. The type of the data is specified in the function name, and it is converted to the external type of the specified variable, if possible, otherwise an NC_ERANGE error is returned.

int nc_get_var_text(int ncid, int varid, char in[])

int nc_get_var_uchar(int ncid, int varid, unsigned char in[])

int nc_get_var_schar(int ncid, int varid, signed char in[])

int nc_get_var_short(int ncid, int varid, short in[])

int nc_get_var_int(int ncid, int varid, int in[])

int nc_get_var_long(int ncid, int varid, long in[])

int nc_get_var_float(int ncid, int varid, float in[])

int nc_get_var_double(int ncid, int varid, double in[])

(Replace ncvarget() in version 2)

Reads an entire netCDF variable (i.e. all the values). The netCDF dataset must be open and in data mode. The data is converted from the external type of the specified variable, if necessary, to the type specified in the function name. If conversion is not possible, an NC_ERANGE error is returned.

int nc_put_var1_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], char *out)

int nc_put_var1_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], unsigned char *out)

int nc_put_var1_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], signed char *out)

int nc_put_var1_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], short *out)

int nc_put_var1_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], int *out)

int nc_put_var1_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], long *out)

int nc_put_var1_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], float *out)

int nc_put_var1_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], double *out)

(Replace ncvarput1() in version 2)

Puts a single data value into a variable at the position index of an open netCDF dataset that is in data mode. The type of the data is specified in the function name, and it is converted to the external type of the specified variable, if possible, otherwise an NC_ERANGE error is returned.

int nc_get_var1_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], char* in)

int nc_get_var1_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], unsigned char* in)

int nc_get_var1_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], signed char* in)

int nc_get_var1_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], short* in)

int nc_get_var1_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], int* in)

int nc_get_var1_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], long* in)

int nc_get_var1_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], float* in)

int nc_get_var1_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t index[], double* in)

(Replace ncvarget1() in version 2)

Gets a single data value from a variable at the position index of an open netCDF dataset that is in data mode. The data is converted from the external type of the specified variable, if necessary, to the type specified in the function name. If conversion is not possible, an NC_ERANGE error is returned.

int nc_put_vara_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const char out[])

int nc_put_vara_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const unsigned char out[])

int nc_put_vara_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const signed char out[])

int nc_put_vara_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const short out[])

int nc_put_vara_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const int out[])

int nc_put_vara_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const long out[])

int nc_put_vara_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const float out[])

int nc_put_vara_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const double out[])

(Replace ncvarput() in version 2)

Writes an array section of values into a netCDF variable of an open netCDF dataset, which must be in data mode. The array section is specified by the start and count vectors, which give the starting index and count of values along each dimension of the specified variable. The type of the data is specified in the function name and is converted to the external type of the specified variable, if possible, otherwise an NC_ERANGE error is returned.

int nc_get_vara_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], char in[])

int nc_get_vara_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], unsigned char in[])

int nc_get_vara_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], signed char in[])

int nc_get_vara_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], short in[])

int nc_get_vara_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], int in[])

int nc_get_vara_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], long in[])

int nc_get_vara_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], float in[])

int nc_get_vara_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], double in[])

(Corresponds to ncvarget() in version 2)

Reads an array section of values from a netCDF variable of an open netCDF dataset, which must be in data mode. The array section is specified by the start and count vectors, which give the starting index and count of values along each dimension of the specified variable. The data is converted from the external type of the specified variable, if necessary, to the type specified in the function name. If conversion is not possible, an NC_ERANGE error is returned.

int nc_put_vars_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const char out[])

int nc_put_vars_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const unsigned char out[])

int nc_put_vars_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const signed char out[])

int nc_put_vars_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const short out[])

int nc_put_vars_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const int out[])

int nc_put_vars_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const long out[])

int nc_put_vars_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const float out[])

int nc_put_vars_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], const double out[])

(Corresponds to ncvarputg() in version 2)

These functions are used for strided output, which is like the array section output described above, except that the sampling stride (the interval between accessed values) is specified for each dimension. For an explanation of the sampling stride vector, see COMMON ARGUMENTS DESCRIPTIONS below.

int nc_get_vars_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], char in[])

int nc_get_vars_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], unsigned char in[])

int nc_get_vars_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], signed char in[])

int nc_get_vars_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], short in[])

int nc_get_vars_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], int in[])

int nc_get_vars_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], long in[])

int nc_get_vars_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], float in[])

int nc_get_vars_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], double in[])

(Corresponds to ncvargetg() in version 2)

These functions are used for strided input, which is like the array section input described above, except that the sampling stride (the interval between accessed values) is specified for each dimension. For an explanation of the sampling stride vector, see COMMON ARGUMENTS DESCRIPTIONS below.

int nc_put_varm_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const char out[])

int nc_put_varm_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const unsigned char out[])

int nc_put_varm_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const signed char out[])

int nc_put_varm_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const short out[])

int nc_put_varm_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const int out[])

int nc_put_varm_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const long out[])

int nc_put_varm_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const float out[])

int nc_put_varm_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, const double out[])

(Corresponds to ncvarputg() in version 2)

These functions are used for mapped output, which is like strided output described above, except that an additional index mapping vector is provided to specify the in-memory arrangement of the data values. For an explanation of the index mapping vector, see COMMON ARGUMENTS DESCRIPTIONS below.

int nc_get_varm_text(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, char in[])

int nc_get_varm_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, unsigned char in[])

int nc_get_varm_schar(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, signed char in[])

int nc_get_varm_short(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, short in[])

int nc_get_varm_int(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, int in[])

int nc_get_varm_long(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, long in[])

int nc_get_varm_float(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, float in[])

int nc_get_varm_double(int ncid, int varid, const size_t start[], const size_t count[], const size_t stride[], imap, double in[])

(Corresponds to ncvargetg() in version 2)

These functions are used for mapped input, which is like strided input described above, except that an additional index mapping vector is provided to specify the in-memory arrangement of the data values. For an explanation of the index mapping vector, see COMMON ARGUMENTS DESCRIPTIONS below.

int nc_put_att_text(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const char out[])

int nc_put_att_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const unsigned char out[])

int nc_put_att_schar(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const signed char out[])

int nc_put_att_short(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const short out[])

int nc_put_att_int(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const int out[])

int nc_put_att_long(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const long out[])

int nc_put_att_float(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const float out[])

int nc_put_att_double(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type xtype, size_t len, const double out[])

(Replace ncattput() in version 2)

Unlike variables, attributes do not have separate functions for defining and writing values. This family of functions defines a new attribute with a value or changes the value of an existing attribute. If the attribute is new, or if the space required to store the attribute value is greater than before, the netCDF dataset must be in define mode. The parameter len is the number of values from out to transfer. It is often one, except that for nc_put_att_text() it will usually be strlen(out).

For these functions, the type component of the function name refers to the in-memory type of the value, whereas the xtype argument refers to the external type for storing the value. An NC_ERANGE error results if a conversion between these types is not possible. In this case the value is represented with the appropriate fill-value for the associated external type.

int nc_inq_attname(int ncid, int varid, int attnum, char name[])

(Corresponds to ncattname() in version 2)

Gets the name of an attribute, given its variable ID and attribute number. This function is useful in generic applications that need to get the names of all the attributes associated with a variable, since attributes are accessed by name rather than number in all other attribute functions. The number of an attribute is more volatile than the name, since it can change when other attributes of the same variable are deleted. The attributes for each variable are numbered from 0 (the first attribute) to nvatts-1, where nvatts is the number of attributes for the variable, as returned from a call to nc_inq_varnatts(). If the name parameter is a NULL pointer, no name will be returned and no space need be allocated.

int nc_inq_att(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type* xtype, size_t* len)

int nc_inq_attid(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], int* attnum)

int nc_inq_atttype(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], nc_type* xtype)

int nc_inq_attlen(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], size_t* len)

(Corresponds to ncattinq() in version 2)

These functions return information about a netCDF attribute, given its variable ID and name. The information returned is the external type in xtype and the number of elements in the attribute as len. If any of the return arguments is a NULL pointer, the specified information will not be returned.

int nc_copy_att(int ncid, int varid_in, const char name[], int ncid_out, int varid_out)

(Corresponds to ncattcopy() in version 2)

Copies an attribute from one netCDF dataset to another. It can also be used to copy an attribute from one variable to another within the same netCDF. ncid_in is the netCDF ID of an input netCDF dataset from which the attribute will be copied. varid_in is the ID of the variable in the input netCDF dataset from which the attribute will be copied, or NC_GLOBAL for a global attribute. name is the name of the attribute in the input netCDF dataset to be copied. ncid_out is the netCDF ID of the output netCDF dataset to which the attribute will be copied. It is permissible for the input and output netCDF ID's to be the same. The output netCDF dataset should be in define mode if the attribute to be copied does not already exist for the target variable, or if it would cause an existing target attribute to grow. varid_out is the ID of the variable in the output netCDF dataset to which the attribute will be copied, or NC_GLOBAL to copy to a global attribute.

int nc_rename_att(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], const char newname[])

(Corresponds to ncattrename()

Changes the name of an attribute. If the new name is longer than the original name, the netCDF must be in define mode. You cannot rename an attribute to have the same name as another attribute of the same variable. name is the original attribute name. newname is the new name to be assigned to the specified attribute. If the new name is longer than the old name, the netCDF dataset must be in define mode.

int nc_del_att(int ncid, int varid, const char name[])

(Corresponds to ncattdel() in version 2)

Deletes an attribute from a netCDF dataset. The dataset must be in define mode.

int nc_get_att_text(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], char in[])

int nc_get_att_uchar(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], unsigned char in[])

int nc_get_att_schar(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], signed char in[])

int nc_get_att_short(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], short in[])

int nc_get_att_int(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], int in[])

int nc_get_att_long(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], long in[])

int nc_get_att_float(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], float in[])

int nc_get_att_double(int ncid, int varid, const char name[], double in[])

(Replace ncattget() in version 2)

Gets the value(s) of a netCDF attribute, given its variable ID and name. Converts from the external type to the type specified in the function name, if possible, otherwise returns an NC_ERANGE error. All elements of the vector of attribute values are returned, so you must allocate enough space to hold them. If you don't know how much space to reserve, call nc_inq_attlen() first to find out the length of the attribute.

COMMON ARGUMENT DESCRIPTIONS

In this section we define some common arguments which are used in the "FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS" section.

int ncid
    is the netCDF ID returned from a previous, successful call to nc_open() or nc_create()

char name[]
    is the name of a dimension, variable, or attribute. It shall begin with an alphabetic character, followed by zero or more alphanumeric characters including the underscore (`_') or hyphen (`-'). Case is significant. As an input argument, it shall be a pointer to a 0-terminated string; as an output argument, it shall be the address of a buffer in which to hold such a string. The maximum allowable number of characters (excluding the terminating 0) is NC_MAX_NAME. Names that begin with an underscore (`_') are reserved for use by the netCDF interface.

nc_type xtype
    specifies the external data type of a netCDF variable or attribute and is one of the following: NC_BYTE, NC_CHAR, NC_SHORT, NC_INT, NC_FLOAT, or NC_DOUBLE. These are used to specify 8-bit integers, characters, 16-bit integers, 32-bit integers, 32-bit IEEE floating point numbers, and 64-bit IEEE floating-point numbers, respectively. (NC_INT corresponds to NC_LONG in version 2, to specify a 32-bit integer).

int dimids[]
    is a vector of dimension ID's and defines the shape of a netCDF variable. The size of the vector shall be greater than or equal to the rank (i.e. the number of dimensions) of the variable (ndims). The vector shall be ordered by the speed with which a dimension varies: dimids[ndims-1] shall be the dimension ID of the most rapidly varying dimension and dimids[0] shall be the dimension ID of the most slowly varying dimension. The maximum possible number of dimensions for a variable is given by the symbolic constant NC_MAX_VAR_DIMS.

int dimid
    is the ID of a netCDF dimension. netCDF dimension ID's are allocated sequentially from the non-negative integers beginning with 0.

int ndims
    is either the total number of dimensions in a netCDF dataset or the rank (i.e. the number of dimensions) of a netCDF variable. The value shall not be negative or greater than the symbolic constant NC_MAX_VAR_DIMS.

int varid
    is the ID of a netCDF variable or (for the attribute-access functions) the symbolic constant NC_GLOBAL, which is used to reference global attributes. netCDF variable ID's are allocated sequentially from the non-negative integers beginning with 0.

int* natts
    is the number of global attributes in a netCDF dataset for the nc_inquire() function or the number of attributes associated with a netCDF variable for the nc_varinq() function.

const size_t index[]
    specifies the indicial coordinates of the netCDF data value to be accessed. The indices start at 0; thus, for example, the first data value of a two-dimensional variable is (0,0). The size of the vector shall be at least the rank of the associated netCDF variable and its elements shall correspond, in order, to the variable's dimensions.

const size_t start[]
    specifies the starting point for accessing a netCDF variable's data values in terms of the indicial coordinates of the corner of the array section. The indices start at 0; thus, the first data value of a variable is (0, 0, ..., 0). The size of the vector shall be at least the rank of the associated netCDF variable and its elements shall correspond, in order, to the variable's dimensions.

const size_t count[]
    specifies the number of indices selected along each dimension of the array section. Thus, to access a single value, for example, specify count as (1, 1, ..., 1). Note that, for strided I/O, this argument must be adjusted to be compatible with the stride and start arguments so that the interaction of the three does not attempt to access an invalid data co-ordinate. The elements of the count vector correspond, in order, to the variable's dimensions.

const size_t stride[]
    specifies the sampling interval along each dimension of the netCDF variable. The elements of the stride vector correspond, in order, to the netCDF variable's dimensions (stride[0]) gives the sampling interval along the most slowly varying dimension of the netCDF variable). Sampling intervals are specified in type-independent units of elements (a value of 1 selects consecutive elements of the netCDF variable along the corresponding dimension, a value of 2 selects every other element, etc.). A NULL stride argument is treated as (1, 1, ... , 1).

imap
    specifies the mapping between the dimensions of a netCDF variable and the in-memory structure of the internal data array. The elements of the index mapping vector correspond, in order, to the netCDF variable's dimensions (imap[0] gives the distance between elements of the internal array corresponding to the most slowly varying dimension of the netCDF variable). Distances between elements are specified in type-independent units of elements (the distance between internal elements that occupy adjacent memory locations is 1 and not the element's byte-length as in netCDF 2). A NULL pointer means the memory-resident values have the same structure as the associated netCDF variable.

VARIABLE PREFILLING

By default, the netCDF interface sets the values of all newly-defined variables of finite length (i.e. those that do not have an unlimited, dimension) to the type-dependent fill-value associated with each variable. This is done when nc_endef() is called. The fill-value for a variable may be changed from the default value by defining the attribute `_FillValue' for the variable. This attribute must have the same type as the variable and be of length one.

Variables with an unlimited dimension are also prefilled, but on an `as needed' basis. For example, if the first write of such a variable is to position 5, then positions 0 through 4 (and no others) would be set to the fill-value at the same time.

This default prefilling of data values may be disabled by or'ing the NC_NOFILL flag into the mode parameter of nc_open() or nc_create(), or, by calling the function nc_set_fill() with the argument NC_NOFILL. For variables that do not use the unlimited dimension, this call must be made before nc_endef(). For variables that use the unlimited dimension, this call may be made at any time.

One can obtain increased performance of the netCDF interface by using this feature, but only at the expense of requiring the application to set every single data value. The performance enhancing behavior of this function is dependent on the particulars of the implementation and dataset format. The flag value controlled by nc_set_fill() is per netCDF ID, not per variable or per write. Allowing this to change affects the degree to which a program can be effectively parallelized. Given all of this, we state that the use of this feature may not be available (or even needed) in future releases. Programmers are cautioned against heavy reliance upon this feature.

int nc_setfill(int ncid, int fillmode, int* old_fillemode)

(Corresponds to ncsetfill() in version 2)

Determines whether or not variable prefilling will be done (see above). The netCDF dataset shall be writable. fillmode is either NC_FILL to enable prefilling (the default) or NC_NOFILL to disable prefilling. This function returns the previous setting in old_fillmode.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

NETCDF_FFIOSPEC
    Specifies the Flexible File I/O buffers for netCDF I/O when executing under the UNICOS operating system (the variable is ignored on other operating systems). An appropriate specification can greatly increase the efficiency of netCDF I/O -- to the extent that it can actually surpass FORTRAN binary I/O. The default specification is bufa:336:2. See UNICOS Flexible File I/O for more information.

MAILING-LISTS

Both a mailing list and a digest are available for discussion of the netCDF interface and announcements about netCDF bugs, fixes, and enhancements. To begin or change your subscription to either the mailing-list or the digest, send one of the following in the body (not the subject line) of an email message to "majordomo@unidata.ucar.edu". Use your email address in place of jdoe@host.inst.domain.

To subscribe to the netCDF mailing list:
    subscribe netcdfgroup jdoe@host.inst.domain
To unsubscribe from the netCDF mailing list:
    unsubscribe netcdfgroup jdoe@host.inst.domain
To subscribe to the netCDF digest:
    subscribe netcdfdigest jdoe@host.inst.domain
To unsubscribe from the netCDF digest:
    unsubscribe netcdfdigest jdoe@host.inst.domain
To retrieve the general introductory information for the mailing list:
    info netcdfgroup
To get a synopsis of other majordomo commands:
    help

SEE ALSO

ncdump(1), ncgen(1), netcdf(3).

netCDF User's Guide, published by the Unidata Program Center, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, located in Boulder, Colorado.